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AMC10 2022 A

AMC10 2022 A · Q14

AMC10 2022 A · Q14. It mainly tests Basic counting (rules of product/sum), Casework.

How many ways are there to split the integers $1$ through $14$ into $7$ pairs such that in each pair, the greater number is at least $2$ times the lesser number?
有几种方法可以将整数 $1$ 到 $14$ 分成 $7$ 个对,使得每对中较大的数至少是较小数的 $2$ 倍?
(A) 108 108
(B) 120 120
(C) 126 126
(D) 132 132
(E) 144 144
Answer
Correct choice: (E)
正确答案:(E)
Solution
Clearly, the integers from $8$ through $14$ must be in different pairs, so are the integers from $1$ through $7.$ Note that $7$ must pair with $14.$ We pair the numbers $1,2,3,4,5,6$ with the numbers $8,9,10,11,12,13$ systematically: - $6$ can pair with either $12$ or $13.$ - $5$ can pair with any of the three remaining numbers from $10,11,12,13.$ - $1,2,3,4$ can pair with the other four remaining numbers from $8,9,10,11,12,13$ without restrictions. Together, the answer is $2\cdot3\cdot4!=\boxed{\textbf{(E) } 144}.$
显然,$8$ 到 $14$ 的整数必须成对分在不同对中,$1$ 到 $7$ 亦然。注意 $7$ 必须与 $14$ 配对。 我们系统地将 $1,2,3,4,5,6$ 与 $8,9,10,11,12,13$ 配对: - $6$ 可与 $12$ 或 $13$ 配对。 - $5$ 可与剩余的 $10,11,12,13$ 中的任意三个配对。 - $1,2,3,4$ 可与剩余的 $8,9,10,11,12,13$ 中的其他四个任意配对,无限制。 总计 $2\cdot3\cdot4!=\boxed{\textbf{(E) } 144}$。
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