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AMC12 2021 A

AMC12 2021 A · Q16

AMC12 2021 A · Q16. It mainly tests Arithmetic sequences basics, Basic counting (rules of product/sum).

In the following list of numbers, the integer $n$ appears $n$ times in the list for $1 \leq n \leq 200$.\[1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, \ldots, 200, 200, \ldots , 200\]What is the median of the numbers in this list?
在以下数字列表中,整数 $n$ 在列表中出现 $n$ 次,其中 $1 \leq n \leq 200$。 \[1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, \ldots, 200, 200, \ldots , 200\] 这个列表中数字的中位数是多少?
(A) 100.5 100.5
(B) 134 134
(C) 142 142
(D) 150.5 150.5
(E) 167 167
Answer
Correct choice: (C)
正确答案:(C)
Solution
There are $1+2+..+199+200=\frac{(200)(201)}{2}=20100$ numbers in total. Let the median be $k$. We want to find the median $k$ such that \[\frac{k(k+1)}{2}=20100/2,\] or \[k(k+1)=20100.\] Note that $\sqrt{20100} \approx 142$. Plugging this value in as $k$ gives \[\frac{1}{2}(142)(143)=10153.\] $10153-142<10050$, so $142$ is the $152$nd and $153$rd numbers, and hence, our desired answer. $\fbox{(C) 142}$.
列表中共有 $1+2+\dots+199+200=\frac{(200)(201)}{2}=20100$ 个数字。设中位数为 $k$。我们需要找到满足 \[\frac{k(k+1)}{2}=20100/2,\] 即 \[k(k+1)=20100.\] 注意到 $\sqrt{20100} \approx 142$。将此值代入 $k$ 得 \[\frac{1}{2}(142)(143)=10153.\] $10153-142<10050$,所以 $142$ 是第 $152$ 个和第 $153$ 个数字,因此就是我们想要的答案。\fbox{(C) 142}
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