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AMC12 2012 B

AMC12 2012 B · Q6

AMC12 2012 B · Q6. It mainly tests Rounding & estimation.

In order to estimate the value of $x-y$ where $x$ and $y$ are real numbers with $x>y>0$, Xiaoli rounded $x$ up by a small amount, rounded $y$ down by the same amount, and then subtracted her rounded values. Which of the following statements is necessarily correct?
为了估计 $x-y$ 的值,其中 $x$ 和 $y$ 是实数且 $x>y>0$,小丽将 $x$ 向上取整一个很小的量,将 $y$ 向下取整相同的量,然后用取整后的值相减。以下哪个陈述一定正确?
(A) Her estimate is larger than $x - y$. 她的估计值大于 $x - y$。
(B) Her estimate is smaller than $x - y$. 她的估计值小于 $x - y$。
(C) Her estimate equals $x - y$. 她的估计值等于 $x - y$。
(D) Her estimate equals $y - x$. 她的估计值等于 $y - x$。
(E) Her estimate is 0. 她的估计值为 0。
Answer
Correct choice: (A)
正确答案:(A)
Solution
The original expression $x-y$ now becomes $(x+k) - (y-k)=(x-y)+2k>x-y$, where $k$ is a positive constant, hence the answer is $\boxed{\textbf{(A)}}$.
原式 $x-y$ 变为 $(x+k)-(y-k)=(x-y)+2k>x-y$,其中 $k$ 为正常数,因此答案是 $\boxed{\textbf{(A)}}$。
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