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AMC12 2007 A

AMC12 2007 A · Q24

AMC12 2007 A · Q24. It mainly tests Trigonometry (basic), Remainders & modular arithmetic.

For each integer $n>1$, let $F(n)$ be the number of solutions to the equation $\sin{x}=\sin{(nx)}$ on the interval $[0,\pi]$. What is $\sum_{n=2}^{2007} F(n)$?
对于每个整数 $n>1$,令 $F(n)$ 表示方程 $\sin{x}=\sin{(nx)}$ 在区间 $[0,\pi]$ 上的解的个数。求 $\sum_{n=2}^{2007} F(n)$。
(A) 2,014,524 2,014,524
(B) 2,015,028 2,015,028
(C) 2,015,033 2,015,033
(D) 2,016,532 2,016,532
(E) 2,017,033 2,017,033
Answer
Correct choice: (D)
正确答案:(D)
Solution
$F(2)=3$ By looking at various graphs, we obtain that, for most of the graphs $F(n) = n + 1$ Notice that the solutions are basically reflections across $x = \frac{\pi}{2}$. However, when $n \equiv 1 \pmod{4}$, the middle apex of the sine curve touches the sine curve at the top only one time (instead of two reflected points), so we get here $F(n) = n$. $3+4+5+5+7+8+9+9+\cdots+2008$ $= (1+2+3+4+5+\cdots+2008) - 3 - 501$ $= \frac{(2008)(2009)}{2} - 504 = 2016532$ $\mathrm{(D)}$
$F(2)=3$ 通过观察若干图像可得,对大多数 $n$ 有 $F(n) = n + 1$ 注意这些解基本上关于 $x = \frac{\pi}{2}$ 对称。 然而当 $n \equiv 1 \pmod{4}$ 时,正弦曲线的中间峰顶只在最高点与另一条正弦曲线相切一次(而不是出现两个对称交点),因此此时 $F(n) = n$。 $3+4+5+5+7+8+9+9+\cdots+2008$ $= (1+2+3+4+5+\cdots+2008) - 3 - 501$ $= \frac{(2008)(2009)}{2} - 504 = 2016532$ $\mathrm{(D)}$
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