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AMC10 2008 A

AMC10 2008 A · Q24

AMC10 2008 A · Q24. It mainly tests Digit properties (sum of digits, divisibility tests), Powers & residues.

Let $k = 2008^2 + 2^{2008}$. What is the units digit of $k^2 + 2^k$?
设$k = 2008^2 + 2^{2008}$。$k^2 + 2^k$的个位数是多少?
(A) 0 0
(B) 2 2
(C) 4 4
(D) 6 6
(E) 8 8
Answer
Correct choice: (D)
正确答案:(D)
Solution
Answer (D): The units digit of $2^n$ is 2, 4, 8, and 6 for $n = 1, 2, 3$, and 4, respectively. For $n > 4$, the units digit of $2^n$ is equal to that of $2^{n-4}$. Thus for every positive integer $j$ the units digit of $2^{4j}$ is 6, and hence $2^{2008}$ has a units digit of 6. The units digit of $2008^2$ is 4. Therefore the units digit of $k$ is 0, so the units digit of $k^2$ is also 0. Because 2008 is even, both $2008^2$ and $2^{2008}$ are multiples of 4. Therefore $k$ is a multiple of 4, so the units digit of $2^k$ is 6, and the units digit of $k^2 + 2^k$ is also 6.
答案(D):$2^n$ 的个位数在 $n=1,2,3,4$ 时分别为 2、4、8、6。对 $n>4$,$2^n$ 的个位数与 $2^{n-4}$ 的个位数相同。因此对任意正整数 $j$,$2^{4j}$ 的个位数为 6,从而 $2^{2008}$ 的个位数为 6。$2008^2$ 的个位数为 4。因此 $k$ 的个位数为 0,所以 $k^2$ 的个位数也为 0。因为 2008 是偶数,$2008^2$ 和 $2^{2008}$ 都是 4 的倍数。因此 $k$ 是 4 的倍数,所以 $2^k$ 的个位数为 6,$k^2+2^k$ 的个位数也为 6。
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