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AMC12 2024 A

AMC12 2024 A · Q8

AMC12 2024 A · Q8. It mainly tests Logarithms (rare), Trigonometry (basic).

How many angles $\theta$ with $0\le\theta\le2\pi$ satisfy $\log(\sin(3\theta))+\log(\cos(2\theta))=0$?
多少个角度$\theta$满足$0\le\theta\le2\pi$且$\log(\sin(3\theta))+\log(\cos(2\theta))=0$?
(A) 0 0
(B) 1 1
(C) 2 2
(D) 3 3
(E) 4 \qquad 4 \qquad
Answer
Correct choice: (A)
正确答案:(A)
Solution
Note that this is equivalent to $\sin(3\theta)\cos(2\theta)=1$, which is clearly only possible when $\sin(3\theta)=\cos(2\theta)=\pm1$. (If either one is between $1$ and $-1$, the other one must be greater than $1$ or less than $-1$ to offset the product, which is impossible for sine and cosine.) They cannot be both $-1$ since we cannot take logarithms of negative numbers, so they are both $+1$. Then $3\theta$ is $\dfrac\pi2$ more than a multiple of $2\pi$ and $2\theta$ is a multiple of $2\pi$, so $\theta$ is $\dfrac\pi6$ more than a multiple of $\dfrac23\pi$ and also a multiple of $\pi$. However, a multiple of $\dfrac23\pi$ will always have a denominator of $1$ or $3$, and never $6$; it can thus never add with $\dfrac\pi6$ to form an integral multiple of $\pi$. Thus, there are $\boxed{\textbf{(A) }0}$ solutions.
注意到这等价于$\sin(3\theta)\cos(2\theta)=1$,显然只有当$\sin(3\theta)=\cos(2\theta)=\pm1$时才可能。(如果任一在$-1$和$1$之间,另一个必须大于$1$或小于$-1$来补偿乘积,这对正弦和余弦不可能。)它们不能都为$-1$因为不能取负数的对数,所以它们都是$+1$。则$3\theta$是$2\pi$的倍数加上$\dfrac\pi2$,$2\theta$是$2\pi$的倍数,所以$\theta$是$\dfrac23\pi$的倍数加上$\dfrac\pi6$并且也是$\pi$的倍数。然而,$\dfrac23\pi$的倍数分母总是$1$或$3$,从不$6$;因此它与$\dfrac\pi6$相加永远不能形成$\pi$的整数倍。这样,有$\boxed{\textbf{(A) }0}$个解。
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