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AMC12 2024 A

AMC12 2024 A · Q13

AMC12 2024 A · Q13. It mainly tests Functions basics, Symmetry.

The graph of $y=e^{x+1}+e^{-x}-2$ has an axis of symmetry. What is the reflection of the point $(-1,\tfrac{1}{2})$ over this axis?
函数 $y=e^{x+1}+e^{-x}-2$ 的图像具有一条对称轴。点 $(-1,\tfrac{1}{2})$ 关于这条对称轴的反射是什么?
(A) \left(-1,-\frac{3}{2}\right) \left(-1,-\frac{3}{2}\right)
(B) (-1,0) (-1,0)
(C) \left(-1,\frac{1}{2}\right) \left(-1,\frac{1}{2}\right)
(D) \left(0,\frac{1}{2}\right) \left(0,\frac{1}{2}\right)
(E) \left(3,\frac{1}{2}\right) \left(3,\frac{1}{2}\right)
Answer
Correct choice: (D)
正确答案:(D)
Solution
The line of symmetry is probably of the form $x=a$ for some constant $a$. A vertical line of symmetry at $x=a$ for a function $f$ exists if and only if $f(a-b)=f(a+b)$; we substitute $a-b$ and $a+b$ into our given function and see that we must have \[e^{a-b+1}+e^{-(a-b)}-2=e^{a+b+1}+e^{-(a+b)}-2\] for all real $b$. Simplifying: ea−b+1+e−(a−b)−2=ea+b+1+e−(a+b)−2ea−b+1+eb−a=ea+b+1+e−a−bea−b+1−e−a−b=ea+b+1−eb−ae−b(ea+1−e−a)=eb(ea+1−e−a). If $e^{a+1}-e^{-a}\neq0$, then $e^{-b}=e^b$ for all real $b$; this is clearly impossible, so let $e^{a+1}-e^{-a}=0\implies a+1=-a\implies a=-\dfrac12$. Thus, our line of symmetry is $x=-\dfrac12$, and reflecting $\left(-1,\dfrac12\right)$ over this line gives $\boxed{\textbf{(D) }\left(0,\dfrac12\right)}.$
对称轴可能是形如 $x=a$ 的竖直线。对于函数 $f$,在 $x=a$ 处有竖直对称轴当且仅当 $f(a-b)=f(a+b)$;我们将 $a-b$ 和 $a+b$ 代入给定的函数,看到必须有 \[e^{a-b+1}+e^{-(a-b)}-2=e^{a+b+1}+e^{-(a+b)}-2\] 对所有实数 $b$ 成立。化简: ea−b+1+e−(a−b)−2=ea+b+1+e−(a+b)−2ea−b+1+eb−a=ea+b+1+e−a−bea−b+1−e−a−b=ea+b+1−eb−ae−b(ea+1−e−a)=eb(ea+1−e−a)。 若 $e^{a+1}-e^{-a}\neq0$,则 $e^{-b}=e^b$ 对所有实数 $b$ 成立;这显然不可能,因此令 $e^{a+1}-e^{-a}=0\implies a+1=-a\implies a=-\dfrac12$。因此,对称轴是 $x=-\dfrac12$,点 $\left(-1,\dfrac12\right)$ 关于此线的反射是 $\boxed{\textbf{(D) }\left(0,\dfrac12\right)}$。
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