AMC12 2021 A
AMC12 2021 A · Q17
AMC12 2021 A · Q17. It mainly tests Angle chasing, Triangles (properties).
Trapezoid $ABCD$ has $\overline{AB}\parallel\overline{CD},BC=CD=43$, and $\overline{AD}\perp\overline{BD}$. Let $O$ be the intersection of the diagonals $\overline{AC}$ and $\overline{BD}$, and let $P$ be the midpoint of $\overline{BD}$. Given that $OP=11$, the length of $AD$ can be written in the form $m\sqrt{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers and $n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. What is $m+n$?
梯形 $ABCD$ 有 $\overline{AB}\parallel\overline{CD}$,$BC=CD=43$,且 $\overline{AD}\perp\overline{BD}$。令 $O$ 为对角线 $\overline{AC}$ 和 $\overline{BD}$ 的交点,$P$ 为 $\overline{BD}$ 的中点。已知 $OP=11$,$AD$ 的长度可以写成 $m\sqrt{n}$ 的形式,其中 $m$ 和 $n$ 是正整数,且 $n$ 没有被任何质数的平方整除。求 $m+n$?
(A)
65
65
(B)
132
132
(C)
157
157
(D)
194
194
(E)
215
215
Answer
Correct choice: (D)
正确答案:(D)
Solution
Angle chasing* reveals that $\triangle BPC\sim\triangle BDA$, therefore
\[2=\frac{BD}{BP}=\frac{AB}{BC}=\frac{AB}{43},\]
or $AB=86$.
Additional angle chasing shows that $\triangle ABO\sim\triangle CDO$, therefore
\[2=\frac{AB}{CD}=\frac{BO}{OD}=\frac{BP+11}{BP-11},\]
or $BP=33$ and $BD=66$.
Since $\triangle ADB$ is right, the Pythagorean theorem implies that
\[AD=\sqrt{86^2-66^2}=4\sqrt{190}.\]
The answer is $4+190=\boxed{\textbf{(D) }194}$.
角度追踪* 显示 $\triangle BPC\sim\triangle BDA$,因此
\[2=\frac{BD}{BP}=\frac{AB}{BC}=\frac{AB}{43},\]
即 $AB=86$。
进一步的角度追踪显示 $\triangle ABO\sim\triangle CDO$,因此
\[2=\frac{AB}{CD}=\frac{BO}{OD}=\frac{BP+11}{BP-11},\]
即 $BP=33$,$BD=66$。
由于 $\triangle ADB$ 是直角三角形,勾股定理得
\[AD=\sqrt{86^2-66^2}=4\sqrt{190}.\]
答案是 $4+190=\boxed{\textbf{(D) }194}$。
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