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AMC12 2021 A

AMC12 2021 A · Q17

AMC12 2021 A · Q17. It mainly tests Angle chasing, Triangles (properties).

Trapezoid $ABCD$ has $\overline{AB}\parallel\overline{CD},BC=CD=43$, and $\overline{AD}\perp\overline{BD}$. Let $O$ be the intersection of the diagonals $\overline{AC}$ and $\overline{BD}$, and let $P$ be the midpoint of $\overline{BD}$. Given that $OP=11$, the length of $AD$ can be written in the form $m\sqrt{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers and $n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. What is $m+n$?
梯形 $ABCD$ 有 $\overline{AB}\parallel\overline{CD}$,$BC=CD=43$,且 $\overline{AD}\perp\overline{BD}$。令 $O$ 为对角线 $\overline{AC}$ 和 $\overline{BD}$ 的交点,$P$ 为 $\overline{BD}$ 的中点。已知 $OP=11$,$AD$ 的长度可以写成 $m\sqrt{n}$ 的形式,其中 $m$ 和 $n$ 是正整数,且 $n$ 没有被任何质数的平方整除。求 $m+n$?
(A) 65 65
(B) 132 132
(C) 157 157
(D) 194 194
(E) 215 215
Answer
Correct choice: (D)
正确答案:(D)
Solution
Angle chasing* reveals that $\triangle BPC\sim\triangle BDA$, therefore \[2=\frac{BD}{BP}=\frac{AB}{BC}=\frac{AB}{43},\] or $AB=86$. Additional angle chasing shows that $\triangle ABO\sim\triangle CDO$, therefore \[2=\frac{AB}{CD}=\frac{BO}{OD}=\frac{BP+11}{BP-11},\] or $BP=33$ and $BD=66$. Since $\triangle ADB$ is right, the Pythagorean theorem implies that \[AD=\sqrt{86^2-66^2}=4\sqrt{190}.\] The answer is $4+190=\boxed{\textbf{(D) }194}$.
角度追踪* 显示 $\triangle BPC\sim\triangle BDA$,因此 \[2=\frac{BD}{BP}=\frac{AB}{BC}=\frac{AB}{43},\] 即 $AB=86$。 进一步的角度追踪显示 $\triangle ABO\sim\triangle CDO$,因此 \[2=\frac{AB}{CD}=\frac{BO}{OD}=\frac{BP+11}{BP-11},\] 即 $BP=33$,$BD=66$。 由于 $\triangle ADB$ 是直角三角形,勾股定理得 \[AD=\sqrt{86^2-66^2}=4\sqrt{190}.\] 答案是 $4+190=\boxed{\textbf{(D) }194}$。
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