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AMC12 2017 A

AMC12 2017 A · Q20

AMC12 2017 A · Q20. It mainly tests Logarithms (rare), Basic counting (rules of product/sum).

How many ordered pairs $(a, b)$ such that $a$ is a positive real number and $b$ is an integer between 2 and 200, inclusive, satisfy the equation $\left(\log_b a\right)^{2017} = \log_b\left(a^{2017}\right)$?
有多少个有序对 $(a, b)$ 满足 $a$ 是正实数,$b$ 是 2 到 200(包含)之间的整数,使得方程 $\left(\log_b a\right)^{2017} = \log_b\left(a^{2017}\right)$ 成立?
(A) 198 198
(B) 199 199
(C) 398 398
(D) 399 399
(E) 597 597
Answer
Correct choice: (E)
正确答案:(E)
Solution
Answer (E): Let $u=\log_b a$. Because $u^{2017}=2017u$, either $u=0$ or $u=\pm\sqrt[2016]{2017}$. If $u=0$, then $a=1$ and $b$ can be any integer from 2 to 200. If $u=\pm\sqrt[2016]{2017}$, then $a=b^{\pm\sqrt[2016]{2017}}$, where again $b$ can be any integer from 2 to 200. Therefore there are $3\cdot 199=597$ such ordered pairs.
答案(E):令 $u=\log_b a$。因为 $u^{2017}=2017u$,所以要么 $u=0$,要么 $u=\pm\sqrt[2016]{2017}$。若 $u=0$,则 $a=1$,且 $b$ 可以是从 2 到 200 的任意整数。若 $u=\pm\sqrt[2016]{2017}$,则 $a=b^{\pm\sqrt[2016]{2017}}$,同样 $b$ 可以是从 2 到 200 的任意整数。因此这样的有序对共有 $3\cdot 199=597$ 个。
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