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AMC12 2011 B

AMC12 2011 B · Q7

AMC12 2011 B · Q7. It mainly tests Fractions, Averages (mean).

Let $x$ and $y$ be two-digit positive integers with mean $60$. What is the maximum value of the ratio $\frac{x}{y}$?
设 $x$ 和 $y$ 是两位正整数,其平均数为 $60$。比值 $\frac{x}{y}$ 的最大值是多少?
(A) 3 3
(B) \frac{33}{7} \frac{33}{7}
(C) \frac{39}{7} \frac{39}{7}
(D) 9 9
(E) \frac{99}{10} \frac{99}{10}
Answer
Correct choice: (B)
正确答案:(B)
Solution
If $x$ and $y$ have a mean of $60$, then $\frac{x+y}{2}=60$ and $x+y=120$. To maximize $\frac{x}{y}$, we need to maximize $x$ and minimize $y$. Since they are both two-digit positive integers, the maximum of $x$ is $99$ which gives $y=21$. $y$ cannot be decreased because doing so would increase $x$, so this gives the maximum value of $\frac{x}{y}$, which is $\frac{99}{21}=\boxed{\frac{33}{7}\ \textbf{(B)}}$
若 $x$ 和 $y$ 的平均数为 $60$,则 $\frac{x+y}{2}=60$,所以 $x+y=120$。要使 $\frac{x}{y}$ 最大,需要使 $x$ 尽可能大、$y$ 尽可能小。由于它们都是两位正整数,$x$ 的最大值为 $99$,此时 $y=21$。$y$ 不能再减小,因为那会使 $x$ 增大而超过两位数范围。因此最大值为 $\frac{x}{y}=\frac{99}{21}=\boxed{\frac{33}{7}\ \textbf{(B)}}$
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