AMC10 2025 B
AMC10 2025 B · Q9
AMC10 2025 B · Q9. It mainly tests Linear inequalities, Basic counting (rules of product/sum).
How many ordered triples of integers $(x, y, z)$ satisfy the following system of inequalities?
−x−y−z≤−2−x+y+z≤2x−y+z≤2x+y−z≤2
有多少个整数有序三元组 $(x, y, z)$ 满足以下不等式组?
−x−y−z≤−2−x+y+z≤2x−y+z≤2x+y−z≤2
(A)
\ 4
\ 4
(B)
\ 8
\ 8
(C)
\ 11
\ 11
(D)
\ 15
\ 15
(E)
\ 17 \qquad
\ 17 \qquad
Answer
Correct choice: (C)
正确答案:(C)
Solution
We have:
\[\begin{cases} x+y+z \ge 2, \\ -x+y+z \le 2, \\ x-y+z \le 2, \\ x+y-z \le 2. \end{cases}\]
Subtract the second inequality from the first:
\[(x+y+z)-(-x+y+z) \ge 2-2 \quad\Rightarrow\quad 2x \ge 0 \Rightarrow x\ge 0.\]By symmetry in $x,y,z,$ we also obtain
\[y\ge 0,\qquad z\ge 0.\]
WLOG & by symmetry, let
\[0 \le x \le y \le z.\]
up to permutation. From the second inequality of we have $y+z \le 2+x.$ Using $x\le y$, we get
\[y+z \le 2+y \quad\Rightarrow\quad z \le 2.\]
Hence, $0 \le x \le y \le z \le 2.$ Divide into casework on $x:$
Case 1: $x=0$
Then the first two inequalities become
\[y+z \ge 2,\qquad y+z \le 2 \Rightarrow y+z=2\]And because we have $0\le y\le z\le 2, (y,z)=(0,2), (1,1).$
Case 2: $x=1$
\[1+y+z \ge 2 \Rightarrow y+z\ge 1,\qquad -1+y+z \le 2 \Rightarrow y+z \le 3.\]$1\le y\le z\le 2$, so $(y,z)=(1,1)\ \text{or}\ (1,2).$
Case 3: $x=2$
\[2+y+z \ge 2 \qquad -2+y+z \le 2 \Rightarrow y+z \le 4.\]$2\le y\le z\le 2$ so the only combination $(y,z)=(2,2).$
Thus up to permutation we have $(0,0,2),\ (0,1,1),\ (1,1,1),\ (1,1,2),\ (2,2,2)$
Now count distinct ordered triples for each set of three numbers under symmetry: $3+3+3+1+1=\boxed{11}.$
我们有:
\[\begin{cases} x+y+z \ge 2, \\ -x+y+z \le 2, \\ x-y+z \le 2, \\ x+y-z \le 2. \end{cases}\]
将第一个不等式减去第二个:
\[(x+y+z)-(-x+y+z) \ge 2-2 \quad\Rightarrow\quad 2x \ge 0 \Rightarrow x\ge 0.\]通过 $x,y,z$ 的对称性,我们也得到
\[y\ge 0,\qquad z\ge 0.\]
不失一般性且利用对称性,令
\[0 \le x \le y \le z.\]
到置换为止。从第二个不等式我们有 $y+z \le 2+x$。利用 $x\le y$,得到
\[y+z \le 2+y \quad\Rightarrow\quad z \le 2.\]
因此,$0 \le x \le y \le z \le 2$。按 $x$ 分情况讨论:
情形 1: $x=0$
则前两个不等式变为
\[y+z \ge 2,\qquad y+z \le 2 \Rightarrow y+z=2\]且因为 $0\le y\le z\le 2$,$(y,z)=(0,2), (1,1)$。
情形 2: $x=1$
\[1+y+z \ge 2 \Rightarrow y+z\ge 1,\qquad -1+y+z \le 2 \Rightarrow y+z \le 3.\]$1\le y\le z\le 2$,所以 $(y,z)=(1,1)\ \text{或}\ (1,2)$。
情形 3: $x=2$
\[2+y+z \ge 2 \qquad -2+y+z \le 2 \Rightarrow y+z \le 4.\]$2\le y\le z\le 2$ 所以唯一组合 $(y,z)=(2,2)$。
因此到置换为止我们有 $(0,0,2),\ (0,1,1),\ (1,1,1),\ (1,1,2),\ (2,2,2)$
现在对每个三数集合下对称的相异有序三元组计数:$3+3+3+1+1=\boxed{11}$。
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