AMC10 2022 B
AMC10 2022 B · Q7
AMC10 2022 B · Q7. It mainly tests Vieta / quadratic relationships (basic), Divisibility & factors.
For how many values of the constant $k$ will the polynomial $x^{2}+kx+36$ have two distinct integer roots?
常数 $k$ 有多少个取值,使得多项式 $x^{2}+kx+36$ 有两个不同的整数根?
(A)
6
6
(B)
8
8
(C)
9
9
(D)
14
14
(E)
16
16
Answer
Correct choice: (B)
正确答案:(B)
Solution
Let $p$ and $q$ be the roots of $x^{2}+kx+36.$ By Vieta's Formulas, we have $p+q=-k$ and $pq=36.$
It follows that $p$ and $q$ must be distinct factors of $36.$ The possibilities of $\{p,q\}$ are \[\pm\{1,36\},\pm\{2,18\},\pm\{3,12\},\pm\{4,9\}.\]
Each unordered pair gives a unique value of $k.$ Therefore, there are $\boxed{\textbf{(B) }8}$ values of $k,$ corresponding to $\mp37,\mp20,\mp15,\mp13,$ respectively.
设 $p$ 和 $q$ 是 $x^{2}+kx+36$ 的根。由 Vieta 公式,有 $p+q=-k$ 和 $pq=36$。
因此,$p$ 和 $q$ 必须是 $36$ 的不同因数。可能的情况为 $\pm\{1,36\},\pm\{2,18\},\pm\{3,12\},\pm\{4,9\}$。
每个无序对给出唯一的 $k$ 值。因此,$k$ 有 $\boxed{\textbf{(B) }8}$ 个值,分别对应 $\mp37,\mp20,\mp15,\mp13$。
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