AMC10 2021 B
AMC10 2021 B · Q13
AMC10 2021 B · Q13. It mainly tests Quadratic equations, Base representation.
Let $n$ be a positive integer and $d$ be a digit such that the value of the numeral $\underline{32d}$ in base $n$ equals $263$, and the value of the numeral $\underline{324}$ in base $n$ equals the value of the numeral $\underline{11d1}$ in base six. What is $n + d ?$
设$n$为正整数,$d$为一个数字,使得$n$进制数$\underline{32d}$的值等于263,且$n$进制数$\underline{324}$的值等于6进制数$\underline{11d1}$的值。求$n + d$?
(A)
10
10
(B)
11
11
(C)
13
13
(D)
15
15
(E)
16
16
Answer
Correct choice: (B)
正确答案:(B)
Solution
We can start by setting up an equation to convert $\underline{32d}$ base $n$ to base 10. To convert this to base 10, it would be $3{n}^2+2n+d.$ Because it is equal to 263, we can set this equation to 263. Finally, subtract $d$ from both sides to get $3{n}^2+2n = 263-d$.
We can also set up equations to convert $\underline{324}$ base $n$ and $\underline{11d1}$ base 6 to base 10. The equation to covert $\underline{324}$ base $n$ to base 10 is $3{n}^2+2n+4.$ The equation to convert $\underline{11d1}$ base 6 to base 10 is ${6}^3+{6}^2+6d+1.$
Simplify ${6}^3+{6}^2+6d+1$ so it becomes $6d+253.$ Setting the above equations equal to each other, we have
\[3{n}^2+2n+4 = 6d+253.\]
Subtracting 4 from both sides gets $3{n}^2+2n = 6d+249.$
We can then use equations
\[3{n}^2+2n = 263-d\]
\[3{n}^2+2n = 6d+249\]
to solve for $d$. Set $263-d$ equal to $6d+249$ and solve to find that $d=2$.
Plug $d=2$ back into the equation $3{n}^2+2n = 263-d$. Subtract 261 from both sides to get your final equation of $3{n}^2+2n-261 = 0.$ We solve using the quadratic formula to find that the solutions are $9$ and $-29/3.$ Because the base must be positive, $n=9.$
Adding 2 to 9 gets $\boxed{\textbf{(B)} ~11}$
首先建立$\underline{32d}$从$n$进制转换为10进制的方程:$3n^2 + 2n + d = 263$,即$3n^2 + 2n = 263 - d$。
再建立$\underline{324}$从$n$进制和$\underline{11d1}$从6进制转换为10进制的方程:$3n^2 + 2n + 4 = 6^3 + 6^2 + 6d + 1 = 6d + 253$,即$3n^2 + 2n = 6d + 249$。
联立$3n^2 + 2n = 263 - d$和$3n^2 + 2n = 6d + 249$,得$263 - d = 6d + 249$,解得$d=2$。
代入$3n^2 + 2n = 263 - 2 = 261$,得$3n^2 + 2n - 261 = 0$。用二次公式解得$n=9$或$n=-29/3$,取正整数$n=9$。
则$n + d = 9 + 2 = \boxed{\textbf{(B)} ~11}$
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