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AMC10 2011 B

AMC10 2011 B · Q9

AMC10 2011 B · Q9. It mainly tests Triangles (properties), Similarity.

The area of △EBD is one third of the area of 3 – 4 – 5 △ABC. Segment DE is perpendicular to segment AB. What is BD ?
△EBD 的面积是 3 – 4 – 5 △ABC 面积的三分之一。线段 DE 垂直于线段 AB。BD 是多少?
stem
(A) $\frac{4}{3}$ $\frac{4}{3}$
(B) $\sqrt{5}$ $\sqrt{5}$
(C) $\frac{9}{4}$ $\frac{9}{4}$
(D) $\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}$ $\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}$
(E) $\frac{5}{2}$ $\frac{5}{2}$
Answer
Correct choice: (D)
正确答案:(D)
Solution
Answer (D): The area of $\triangle ABC$ is $\frac{1}{2}\cdot 3 \cdot 4=6$, so the area of $\triangle EBD$ is $\frac{1}{3}\cdot 6=2$. Note that $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle EBD$ are right triangles with an angle in common, so they are similar. Therefore $BD$ and $DE$ are in the ratio $4$ to $3$. Let $BD=x$ and $DE=\frac{3}{4}x$. Then the area of $\triangle EBD$ can be expressed as $\frac{1}{2}\cdot x \cdot \frac{3}{4}x=\frac{3}{8}x^2$. Because $\triangle EBD$ has area $2$, solving yields $BD=\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}$.
答案(D):$\triangle ABC$ 的面积是 $\frac{1}{2}\cdot 3 \cdot 4=6$,因此 $\triangle EBD$ 的面积是 $\frac{1}{3}\cdot 6=2$。注意 $\triangle ABC$ 和 $\triangle EBD$ 都是直角三角形,并且有一个公共角,所以它们相似。因此 $BD$ 和 $DE$ 的比为 $4:3$。设 $BD=x$,$DE=\frac{3}{4}x$。那么 $\triangle EBD$ 的面积可表示为 $\frac{1}{2}\cdot x \cdot \frac{3}{4}x=\frac{3}{8}x^2$。因为 $\triangle EBD$ 的面积为 $2$,解得 $BD=\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}$。
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