AMC10 2010 B
AMC10 2010 B · Q19
AMC10 2010 B · Q19. It mainly tests Quadratic equations, Triangles (properties).
A circle with center $O$ has area $156\pi$. Triangle $ABC$ is equilateral, $BC$ is a chord on the circle, $OA=4\sqrt{3}$, and point $O$ is outside $\triangle ABC$. What is the side length of $\triangle ABC$?
圆心为 $O$ 的圆面积为 $156\pi$。等边三角形 $ABC$,$BC$ 为圆上弦,$OA=4\sqrt{3}$,且点 $O$ 在 $\triangle ABC$ 外。求 $\triangle ABC$ 的边长。
(A)
$2\sqrt{3}$
$2\sqrt{3}$
(B)
6
6
(C)
$4\sqrt{3}$
$4\sqrt{3}$
(D)
12
12
(E)
18
18
Answer
Correct choice: (B)
正确答案:(B)
Solution
Answer (B): The radius of circle $O$ is $\sqrt{156}>4\sqrt{3}=OA$, so $A$ is inside the circle. Let $s$ be the side length of $\triangle ABC$, let $D$ be the foot of the altitude from $A$, and let $OE$ be the radius through $A$. This radius is perpendicular to $BC$ and contains $D$, so $OD=\sqrt{OB^2-BD^2}=\sqrt{156-\frac14 s^2}$. If $A$ is on $DE$, then $\angle BAC>\angle BEC>90^\circ$, an impossibility. Therefore $A$ lies on $OD$, and $OA=OD-AD$, that is,
$$
4\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{156-\frac14 s^2}-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}s.
$$
Rearranging terms and squaring both sides leads to the quadratic equation $s^2+12s-108=0$, and the positive solution is $s=6$.
答案(B):圆 $O$ 的半径为 $\sqrt{156}>4\sqrt{3}=OA$,所以点 $A$ 在圆内。设 $s$ 为 $\triangle ABC$ 的边长,$D$ 为从 $A$ 作高的垂足,$OE$ 为过 $A$ 的半径。这条半径垂直于 $BC$ 且经过 $D$,因此
$OD=\sqrt{OB^2-BD^2}=\sqrt{156-\frac14 s^2}$。若 $A$ 在 $DE$ 上,则 $\angle BAC>\angle BEC>90^\circ$,矛盾。因此 $A$ 在 $OD$ 上,且 $OA=OD-AD$,即
$$
4\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{156-\frac14 s^2}-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}s.
$$
整理并两边平方得到二次方程 $s^2+12s-108=0$,其正根为 $s=6$。
Topics
Related Questions
Practice full AMC exams on amcdrill.
Try full-length practice and diagnostics at www.amcdrill.com.