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AMC10 2005 B

AMC10 2005 B · Q24

AMC10 2005 B · Q24. It mainly tests Word problems (algebra), Divisibility & factors.

Let x and y be two-digit integers such that y is obtained by reversing the digits of x. The integers x and y satisfy $x^2 - y^2 = m^2$ for some positive integer m. What is x + y + m?
设$x$和$y$是两位整数,$y$由$x$的数字反转得到。整数$x$和$y$满足$x^2 - y^2 = m^2$,其中$m$为正整数。$x + y + m$是多少?
(A) 88 88
(B) 112 112
(C) 116 116
(D) 144 144
(E) 154 154
Answer
Correct choice: (E)
正确答案:(E)
Solution
(E) By the given conditions, it follows that $x>y$. Let $x=10a+b$ and $y=10b+a$, where $a>b$. Then $m^2=x^2-y^2=(10a+b)^2-(10b+a)^2=99a^2-99b^2=99(a^2-b^2).$ Since $99(a^2-b^2)$ must be a perfect square, $a^2-b^2=(a+b)(a-b)=11k^2,$ for some positive integer $k$. Because $a$ and $b$ are distinct digits, we have $a-b\le 9-1=8$ and $a+b\le 9+8=17$. It follows that $a+b=11$, $a-b=k^2$, and $k$ is either 1 or 2. If $k=2$, then $(a,b)=(15/2,7/2)$, which is impossible. Thus $k=1$ and $(a,b)=(6,5)$. This gives $x=65$, $y=56$, $m=33$, and $x+y+m=154$.
(E)由已知条件可得 $x>y$。令 $x=10a+b$,$y=10b+a$,其中 $a>b$。则 $m^2=x^2-y^2=(10a+b)^2-(10b+a)^2=99a^2-99b^2=99(a^2-b^2)。$ 由于 $99(a^2-b^2)$ 必须是完全平方数, $a^2-b^2=(a+b)(a-b)=11k^2,$ 其中 $k$ 为某个正整数。因为 $a$ 与 $b$ 是不同的数字,所以 $a-b\le 9-1=8$ 且 $a+b\le 9+8=17$。因此可得 $a+b=11$,$a-b=k^2$,并且 $k$ 只能是 1 或 2。 若 $k=2$,则 $(a,b)=(15/2,7/2)$,不可能。故 $k=1$,$(a,b)=(6,5)$。于是 $x=65$,$y=56$,$m=33$,且 $x+y+m=154$。
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