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AMC8 2017

AMC8 2017 · Q21

AMC8 2017 · Q21. It mainly tests Absolute value, Algebra misc.

Suppose a, b, and c are nonzero real numbers, and a + b + c = 0. What are the possible value(s) for $\dfrac{a}{|a|} + \dfrac{b}{|b|} + \dfrac{c}{|c|} + \dfrac{abc}{|abc|}$?
假设 a、b 和 c 是非零实数,且 a + b + c = 0。那么 $\dfrac{a}{|a|} + \dfrac{b}{|b|} + \dfrac{c}{|c|} + \dfrac{abc}{|abc|}$ 的可能值是多少?
(A) 0 0
(B) 1 and –1 1 和 –1
(C) 2 and –2 2 和 –2
(D) 0, 2, and –2 0、2 和 –2
(E) 0, 1, and –1 0、1 和 –1
Answer
Correct choice: (A)
正确答案:(A)
Solution
Answer (A): Since $a+b+c=0$, then these three numbers cannot be all positive or all negative. The value of $\frac{X}{|X|}=1$ for $X$ positive and $-1$ for $X$ negative. Case I. When there are two positive numbers and one negative number, \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}=1, \] and \[ \frac{abc}{|abc|}=-1, \] so \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}+\frac{abc}{|abc|}=0. \] Case II. When there are two negative numbers and one positive number, \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}=-1, \] and \[ \frac{abc}{|abc|}=1, \] so \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}+\frac{abc}{|abc|}=0. \] Therefore the only possible value of $\frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}+\frac{abc}{|abc|}$ is $0$.
答案 (A):由于 $a+b+c=0$,这三个数不可能全为正或全为负。对于正的 $X$,有 $\frac{X}{|X|}=1$;对于负的 $X$,有 $\frac{X}{|X|}=-1$。 情形 I:当两个数为正、一个数为负时, \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}=1, \] 且 \[ \frac{abc}{|abc|}=-1, \] 因此 \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}+\frac{abc}{|abc|}=0. \] 情形 II:当两个数为负、一个数为正时, \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}=-1, \] 且 \[ \frac{abc}{|abc|}=1, \] 因此 \[ \frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}+\frac{abc}{|abc|}=0. \] 因此,$\frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}+\frac{abc}{|abc|}$ 的唯一可能取值是 $0$。
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