AMC12 2018 B
AMC12 2018 B · Q19
AMC12 2018 B · Q19. It mainly tests Divisibility & factors, Primes & prime factorization.
Mary chose an even 4-digit number $n$. She wrote down all the divisors of $n$ in increasing order from left to right: $1, 2, \dots , n/2, n$. At some moment Mary wrote 323 as a divisor of $n$. What is the smallest possible value of the next divisor written to the right of 323?
Mary 选择了一个偶数 4 位数 $n$。她将 $n$ 的所有因数按从小到大的顺序从左到右写下:$1, 2, \dots , n/2, n$。在某个时刻 Mary 写下了 323 作为 $n$ 的因数。紧挨着 323 右侧的下一个因数的最小可能值是多少?
(A)
324
324
(B)
330
330
(C)
340
340
(D)
361
361
(E)
646
646
Answer
Correct choice: (C)
正确答案:(C)
Solution
Answer (C): Let $d$ be the next divisor of $n$ after 323. Then $\gcd(d,323)\ne 1$, because otherwise $n\ge 323d>323^2>100^2=10000$, contrary to the fact that $n$ is a 4-digit number. Therefore $d-323\ge \gcd(d,323)>1$. The prime factorization of 323 is $17\cdot 19$. Thus the next divisor of $n$ is at least $323+17=340=17\cdot 20$. Indeed, 340 will be the next number in Mary’s list when $n=17\cdot 19\cdot 20=6460$.
答案(C):设 $d$ 为 $n$ 在 323 之后的下一个因数。则 $\gcd(d,323)\ne 1$,否则 $n\ge 323d>323^2>100^2=10000$,这与 $n$ 是四位数的事实矛盾。因此 $d-323\ge \gcd(d,323)>1$。323 的素因数分解为 $17\cdot 19$。因此,$n$ 的下一个因数至少为 $323+17=340=17\cdot 20$。确实,当 $n=17\cdot 19\cdot 20=6460$ 时,340 将是 Mary 列表中的下一个数。
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