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AMC12 2016 A

AMC12 2016 A · Q16

AMC12 2016 A · Q16. It mainly tests Logarithms (rare), Coordinate geometry.

The graphs of $y=\log_{3}x$, $y=\log_{x}3$, $y=\log_{\frac{1}{3}}x$, and $y=\log_{x}\frac{1}{3}$ are plotted on the same set of axes. How many points in the plane with positive $x$-coordinates lie on two or more of the graphs?
函数 $y=\log_{3}x$、$y=\log_{x}3$、$y=\log_{\frac{1}{3}}x$ 和 $y=\log_{x}\frac{1}{3}$ 的图像画在同一坐标系中。平面内有多少个 $x$ 坐标为正的点同时在其中两条或以上的图像上?
(A) 2 2
(B) 3 3
(C) 4 4
(D) 5 5
(E) 6 6
Answer
Correct choice: (D)
正确答案:(D)
Solution
Answer (D): Let $u=\log_3 x$. Then $\log_x 3=\frac{1}{u}$, $\log_{1/3} x=-u$, and $\log_x \frac{1}{3}=-\frac{1}{u}$. Thus each point at which two of the graphs of the given functions intersect in the $(x,y)$-plane corresponds to a point at which two of the graphs of $y=u$, $y=\frac{1}{u}$, $y=-u$, and $y=-\frac{1}{u}$ intersect in the $(u,y)$-plane. There are 5 such points $(u,y)$, namely $(0,0)$, $(1,1)$, $(-1,1)$, $(1,-1)$, and $(-1,-1)$. The corresponding points of intersection on the graphs of the given functions are $(1,0)$, $(3,1)$, $(\frac{1}{3},1)$, $(3,-1)$, and $(\frac{1}{3},-1)$.
答案(D):令 $u=\log_3 x$。则 $\log_x 3=\frac{1}{u}$,$\log_{1/3} x=-u$,且 $\log_x \frac{1}{3}=-\frac{1}{u}$。因此,在 $(x,y)$ 平面中给定函数的图像中任意两条曲线的交点,都对应于在 $(u,y)$ 平面中 $y=u$、$y=\frac{1}{u}$、$y=-u$ 和 $y=-\frac{1}{u}$ 这四条曲线中任意两条的交点。这样的点 $(u,y)$ 共有 5 个,分别是 $(0,0)$、$(1,1)$、$(-1,1)$、$(1,-1)$ 和 $(-1,-1)$。对应地,原函数图像上的交点为 $(1,0)$、$(3,1)$、$(\frac{1}{3},1)$、$(3,-1)$ 和 $(\frac{1}{3},-1)$。
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