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AMC12 2006 A

AMC12 2006 A · Q21

AMC12 2006 A · Q21. It mainly tests Logarithms (rare), Circle theorems.

Let $S_1=\{(x,y)|\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le 1+\log_{10}(x+y)\}$ and $S_2=\{(x,y)|\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le 2+\log_{10}(x+y)\}$. What is the ratio of the area of $S_2$ to the area of $S_1$?
设 $S_1=\{(x,y)|\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le 1+\log_{10}(x+y)\}$ 和 $S_2=\{(x,y)|\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le 2+\log_{10}(x+y)\}$。 $S_2$ 的面积与 $S_1$ 的面积之比是多少?
(A) 98 98
(B) 99 99
(C) 100 100
(D) 101 101
(E) 102 102
Answer
Correct choice: (E)
正确答案:(E)
Solution
Looking at the constraints of $S_1$: $x+y > 0$ $\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le 1+\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10} 10 +\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10}(10x+10y)$ $1+x^2+y^2 \le 10x+10y$ $x^2-10x+y^2-10y \le -1$ $x^2-10x+25+y^2-10y+25 \le 49$ $(x-5)^2 + (y-5)^2 \le (7)^2$ $S_1$ is a circle with a radius of $7$. So, the area of $S_1$ is $49\pi$. Looking at the constraints of $S_2$: $x+y > 0$ $\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le 2+\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10} 100 +\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10}(100x+100y)$ $2+x^2+y^2 \le 100x+100y$ $x^2-100x+y^2-100y \le -2$ $x^2-100x+2500+y^2-100y+2500 \le 4998$ $(x-50)^2 + (y-50)^2 \le (7\sqrt{102})^2$ $S_2$ is a circle with a radius of $7\sqrt{102}$. So, the area of $S_2$ is $4998\pi$. So the desired ratio is $\frac{4998\pi}{49\pi} = 102 \Rightarrow \boxed{E}$.
对于 $S_1$ 的约束条件: $x+y > 0$ $\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le 1+\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10} 10 +\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(1+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10}(10x+10y)$ $1+x^2+y^2 \le 10x+10y$ $x^2-10x+y^2-10y \le -1$ $x^2-10x+25+y^2-10y+25 \le 49$ $(x-5)^2 + (y-5)^2 \le (7)^2$ $S_1$ 是一个半径为 $7$ 的圆。因此,$S_1$ 的面积为 $49\pi$。 对于 $S_2$ 的约束条件: $x+y > 0$ $\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le 2+\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10} 100 +\log_{10}(x+y)$ $\log_{10}(2+x^2+y^2)\le \log_{10}(100x+100y)$ $2+x^2+y^2 \le 100x+100y$ $x^2-100x+y^2-100y \le -2$ $x^2-100x+2500+y^2-100y+2500 \le 4998$ $(x-50)^2 + (y-50)^2 \le (7\sqrt{102})^2$ $S_2$ 是一个半径为 $7\sqrt{102}$ 的圆。因此,$S_2$ 的面积为 $4998\pi$。 所以所求比值为 $\frac{4998\pi}{49\pi} = 102 \Rightarrow \boxed{E}$。
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