AMC12 2001 A
AMC12 2001 A · Q22
AMC12 2001 A · Q22. It mainly tests Similarity, Coordinate geometry.
In rectangle $ABCD$, points $F$ and $G$ lie on $AB$ so that $AF=FG=GB$ and $E$ is the midpoint of $\overline{DC}$. Also, $\overline{AC}$ intersects $\overline{EF}$ at $H$ and $\overline{EG}$ at $J$. The area of the rectangle $ABCD$ is $70$. Find the area of triangle $EHJ$.
在矩形 $ABCD$ 中,点 $F$ 和 $G$ 在 $AB$ 上,使得 $AF=FG=GB$,且 $E$ 是 $\overline{DC}$ 的中点。另有 $\overline{AC}$ 与 $\overline{EF}$ 交于 $H$,与 $\overline{EG}$ 交于 $J$。矩形 $ABCD$ 的面积为 $70$。求三角形 $EHJ$ 的面积。
(A)
$\frac{5}{2}$
$\frac{5}{2}$
(B)
$\frac{35}{12}$
$\frac{35}{12}$
(C)
3
3
(D)
$\frac{7}{2}$
$\frac{7}{2}$
(E)
$\frac{35}{8}$
$\frac{35}{8}$
Answer
Correct choice: (C)
正确答案:(C)
Solution
Note that the triangles $AFH$ and $CEH$ are similar, as they have the same angles. Hence $\frac {AH}{HC} = \frac{AF}{EC} = \frac 23$.
Also, triangles $AGJ$ and $CEJ$ are similar, hence $\frac {AJ}{JC} = \frac {AG}{EC} = \frac 43$.
We can now compute $[EHJ]$ as $[ACD]-[AHD]-[DEH]-[EJC]$. We have:
- $[ACD]=\frac{[ABCD]}2 = 35$.
- $[AHD]$ is $2/5$ of $[ACD]$, as these two triangles have the same base $AD$, and $AH$ is $2/5$ of $AC$, therefore also the height from $H$ onto $AD$ is $2/5$ of the height from $C$. Hence $[AHD]=14$.
- $[HED]$ is $3/10$ of $[ACD]$, as the base $ED$ is $1/2$ of the base $CD$, and the height from $H$ is $3/5$ of the height from $A$. Hence $[HED]=\frac {21}2$.
- $[JEC]$ is $3/14$ of $[ACD]$ for similar reasons, hence $[JEC]=\frac{15}2$.
Therefore $[EHJ]=[ACD]-[AHD]-[DEH]-[EJC]=35-14-\frac {21}2-\frac{15}2 = \boxed{3}$.
注意到三角形 $AFH$ 与 $CEH$ 相似,因为它们有相同的角。故 $\frac {AH}{HC} = \frac{AF}{EC} = \frac 23$。
同样,三角形 $AGJ$ 与 $CEJ$ 相似,因此 $\frac {AJ}{JC} = \frac {AG}{EC} = \frac 43$。
现在可计算 $[EHJ]$ 为 $[ACD]-[AHD]-[DEH]-[EJC]$。有:
- $[ACD]=\frac{[ABCD]}2 = 35$。
- $[AHD]$ 是 $[ACD]$ 的 $2/5$,因为这两个三角形底边同为 $AD$,且 $AH$ 是 $AC$ 的 $2/5$,因此从 $H$ 到 $AD$ 的高也为从 $C$ 到 $AD$ 的高的 $2/5$。故 $[AHD]=14$。
- $[HED]$ 是 $[ACD]$ 的 $3/10$,因为底边 $ED$ 是 $CD$ 的 $1/2$,且从 $H$ 的高是从 $A$ 的高的 $3/5$。故 $[HED]=\frac {21}2$。
- $[JEC]$ 由于类似原因是 $[ACD]$ 的 $3/14$,因此 $[JEC]=\frac{15}2$。
因此 $[EHJ]=[ACD]-[AHD]-[DEH]-[EJC]=35-14-\frac {21}2-\frac{15}2 = \boxed{3}$。
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