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AMC10 2018 B

AMC10 2018 B · Q21

AMC10 2018 B · Q21. It mainly tests Primes & prime factorization, Counting divisors.

Mary chose an even 4-digit number \(n\). She wrote down all the divisors of \(n\) in increasing order from left to right: 1, 2, ..., \(n/2\), \(n\). At some moment Mary wrote 323 as a divisor of \(n\). What is the smallest possible value of the next divisor written to the right of 323?
Mary 选择了一个偶数四位数 \(n\)。她将 \(n\) 的所有除数按从小到大的顺序从左到右写下:1, 2, ..., \(n/2\), \(n\)。在某个时刻 Mary 写下了 323 作为 \(n\) 的一个除数。323 右侧下一个除数的最小可能值为多少?
(A) 324 324
(B) 330 330
(C) 340 340
(D) 361 361
(E) 646 646
Answer
Correct choice: (C)
正确答案:(C)
Solution
Answer (C): Let $d$ be the next divisor of $n$ after $323$. Then $\gcd(d,323)\ne 1$, because otherwise $n\ge 323d>323^2>100^2=10000$, contrary to the fact that $n$ is a $4$-digit number. Therefore $d-323\ge \gcd(d,323)>1$. The prime factorization of $323$ is $17\cdot 19$. Thus the next divisor of $n$ is at least $323+17=340=17\cdot 20$. Indeed, $340$ will be the next number in Mary’s list when $n=17\cdot 19\cdot 20=6460$.
答案(C):设 $d$ 为 $n$ 在 $323$ 之后的下一个因数。则 $\gcd(d,323)\ne 1$,否则 $n\ge 323d>323^2>100^2=10000$,这与 $n$ 是一个四位数相矛盾。因此 $d-323\ge \gcd(d,323)>1$。$323$ 的素因数分解为 $17\cdot 19$。因此,$n$ 的下一个因数至少为 $323+17=340=17\cdot 20$。确实,当 $n=17\cdot 19\cdot 20=6460$ 时,$340$ 将是 Mary 列表中的下一个数。
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