AMC10 2014 B
AMC10 2014 B · Q18
AMC10 2014 B · Q18. It mainly tests Averages (mean), Logic puzzles.
A list of 11 positive integers has a mean of 10, a median of 9, and a unique mode of 8. What is the largest possible value of an integer in the list?
一个包含11个正整数的列表,平均数为10,中位数为9,唯一众数为8。列表中整数的最大可能值是多少?
(A)
24
24
(B)
30
30
(C)
31
31
(D)
33
33
(E)
35
35
Answer
Correct choice: (E)
正确答案:(E)
Solution
Answer (E): The numbers in the list have a sum of $11\cdot 10=110$. The value of the 11th number is maximized when the sum of the first ten numbers is minimized subject to the following conditions.
- If the numbers are arranged in nondecreasing order, the sixth number is 9.
- The number 8 occurs either 2, 3, 4, or 5 times, and all other numbers occur fewer times.
If 8 occurs 5 times, the smallest possible sum of the first 10 numbers is
$8+8+8+8+8+9+9+9+9+10=86$.
If 8 occurs 4 times, the smallest possible sum of the first 10 numbers is
$1+8+8+8+8+9+9+9+10+10=80$.
If 8 occurs 3 times, the smallest possible sum of the first 10 numbers is
$1+1+8+8+8+9+9+10+10+11=75$.
If 8 occurs 2 times, the smallest possible sum of the first 10 numbers is
$1+2+3+8+8+9+10+11+12+13=77$.
Thus the largest possible value of the 11th number is $110-75=35$.
答案(E):该列表中数的总和为 $11\cdot 10=110$。在满足下列条件的前提下,当前十个数的和最小时,第 11 个数的值最大。
- 若将这些数按非递减顺序排列,第 6 个数是 9。
- 数字 8 出现 2、3、4 或 5 次,并且其他所有数字的出现次数都更少。
若 8 出现 5 次,则前 10 个数的最小可能和为
$8+8+8+8+8+9+9+9+9+10=86$。
若 8 出现 4 次,则前 10 个数的最小可能和为
$1+8+8+8+8+9+9+9+10+10=80$。
若 8 出现 3 次,则前 10 个数的最小可能和为
$1+1+8+8+8+9+9+10+10+11=75$。
若 8 出现 2 次,则前 10 个数的最小可能和为
$1+2+3+8+8+9+10+11+12+13=77$。
因此,第 11 个数的最大可能值为 $110-75=35$。
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